Claes Frostell, MD, is a Consultant in Anaesthesiology at the Dept of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, at Danderyd Hospital, one of the teaching hospitals in Stockholm. He has held the title of Professor in Anaesthesia and intensive care at Karolinska Institutet since 2001. His PhD thesis (1986) was focused on lung fluid balance during mechanical ventilation. Starting in 1989, he spent a postdoc period in Boston, researching effects of low doses of inhaled nitric oxide (iNO) on the pulmonary circulation together with the Zapol group. Prof. Frostell is presently involved in work on sepsis and device-related colonization and infection.